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古意、鋪地實踏、建築的精神性、詩篇

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古意、鋪地實踏、建築的精神性、詩篇

經過台灣大學校園、漫走一番,是日常要事。
我是喜歡「古意」的人,認為台大的花木是台灣校園之最。
幾月前去參觀蘇州的拙政園,附近有貝先生當顧問的「園林博物館」在大事建設。
其實我認為現代的東西都缺古意,所以喜歡舊的、消失的東西,譬如說讀童寯著《江南園林志》(北京:中國建築工業出版社,1984第2版(1937年初版))。

台灣的建設的基本功夫都無法顧及,不要說安藤忠雄的清水混凝土招牌。譬如說,
台大校園的應用力學館--這很常用來出借開會的—很難想像採用如此高貴石材所鋪的走道,如此千瘡百孔,如此令人難堪、髮指;心理系館前的鋪地,更是實際,水泥抹一抹,最不會出狀況;原子、分子科學館的最特別,最近一年發現館外的舞蹈等,可能震害館內的量測,所以重來,加上防震…..

周末可以管窺大陸大建設中的某些報導。以下是以“共生”的設計理念聞名於世的黑川紀章先生的訪談之部分。

「……“傳統有看得見和看不見兩種東西,中國化的東西到底是什麼,並不是所有的都可以用眼睛去看的,比如屋頂的形式,比如京劇,這是可以看得到的中國傳統文化。但對於看不見的思想、人的想法,這是一個感受的東西,無法用形狀來表示。把看不見的東西用抽象的方式來加以表現,找到這種表現方法,也就是抽象化是很重要的。我希望中國建築在現代化的同時,應該有更多精神性的東西,我希望表現中國思想的建築能夠越來越多。”

  黑川認為,在經濟快速發展的時候,人們都想儘快地造很多建築,造又快又省錢的建築。因為品質差,過了二十年還要重新來做,其實根本就不省錢。一般人都會去算建造時的費用,很少算建造完以後的維持費用。“比如說,窗外這些建築外立面的材料很多用的是油漆,油漆馬上就會髒,而玻璃和石頭上的灰塵會被雨水沖刷掉,不太容易髒。為什麼中國用油漆很多,主要是因為便宜。窗框如果用鐵做,很容易生銹,雖然當初很便宜,但在日後,就要不斷花錢維護。中國現在正處於從做便宜的建築轉向做高品質建築的時代。”

(黑川紀章:中國建築應該有更多精神性的東西 南方週末   2004-05-27)
http://www.nanfangdaily.com.cn/zm/20040527/wh/dsys/200405270055.asp

建築的精神性甚至於「神聖」,是一個很有趣而重要的的問題,全世界的建築界都關心。台灣最近幾年才開始關心、研究佛教建築。我們附近的真理堂也大事新建,我雖非教徒,總感到這是台灣發展的一種悲哀。

大甲的媽祖廟和土地公廟是我童年最懷念的地方。

台大的傅園採取的類似希臘羅馬的建築,最近也在清理。

附近,懷恩堂進門掛的詩篇也許是:

詩 篇 Psalms86 [hb5] 〔大衛的祈禱。〕耶和華阿、求你側耳應允我、因我是困苦窮乏的。
[kjv] Bow down thine ear, O LORD, hear me: for I am poor and needy.
[bbe] Let your ears be open to my voice, O Lord, and give me an answer; for I am poor and in need.
86:2 [hb5] 求你保存我的性命.因我是虔誠人。我的 神阿、求你拯救這倚靠你的僕人.
[kjv] Preserve my soul; for I am holy: O thou my God, save thy servant that trusteth in thee.
[bbe] Keep my soul, for I am true to you; O my God, give salvation to your servant, whose hope is in you.
86:3 [hb5] 主阿、求你憐憫我、因我終日求告你。
[kjv] Be merciful unto me, O Lord: for I cry unto thee daily.
[bbe] Have mercy on me, O Lord; for my cry goes up to you all the day.
86:4 [hb5] 主阿、求你使僕人心裏歡喜.因為我的心仰望你。
[kjv] Rejoice the soul of thy servant: for unto thee, O Lord, do I lift up my soul.
[bbe] Make glad the soul of your servant; for it is lifted up to you, O Lord.
86:5 [hb5] 主阿、你本為良善、樂意饒恕人、有豐盛的慈愛、賜給凡求告你的人。
[kjv] For thou, Lord, art good, and ready to forgive; and plenteous in mercy unto all them that call upon thee.
[bbe] You are good, O Lord, and full of forgiveness; your mercy is great to all who make their cry to you.
86:6 [hb5] 耶和華阿、求你留心聽我的禱告、垂聽我懇求的聲音。
[kjv] Give ear, O LORD, unto my prayer; and attend to the voice of my supplications.
[bbe] O Lord, give ear to my prayer; and take note of the sound of my requests.
86:7 [hb5] 我在患難之日要求告你.因為你必應允我。
[kjv] In the day of my trouble I will call upon thee: for thou wilt answer me.
[bbe] In the day of my trouble I send up my cry to you; for you will give me an answer.
86:8 [hb5] 主阿、諸神之中沒有可比你的.你的作為也無可比。
[kjv] Among the gods there is none like unto thee, O Lord; neither are there any works like unto thy works.
[bbe] There is no god like you, O Lord; there are no works like your works.
86:9 [hb5] 主阿、你所造的萬民、都要來敬拜你.他們也要榮耀你的名。
[kjv] All nations whom thou hast made shall come and worship before thee, O Lord; and shall glorify thy name.
[bbe] Let all the nations whom you have made come and give worship to you, O Lord, giving glory to your name.
86:10 [hb5] 因你為大、且行奇妙的事.惟獨你是 神。
[kjv] For thou art great, and doest wondrous things: thou art God alone.
[bbe] For you are great, and do great works of wonder; you only are God.
86:11 [hb5] 耶和華阿、求你將你的道指教我.我要照你的真理行.求你使我專心敬畏你的名。
[kjv] Teach me thy way, O LORD; I will walk in thy truth: unite my heart to fear thy name.
[bbe] Make your way clear to me, O Lord; I will go on my way in your faith: let my heart be glad in the fear of your name.
86:12 [hb5] 主我的 神阿、我要一心稱讚你.我要榮耀你的名、直到永遠。
[kjv] I will praise thee, O Lord my God, with all my heart: and I will glorify thy name for evermore.
[bbe] I will give you praise, O Lord my God, with all my heart; I will give glory to your name for ever.
86:13 [hb5] 因為你向我發的慈愛是大的.你救了我的靈魂、免入極深的陰間。
[kjv] For great is thy mercy toward me: and thou hast delivered my soul from the lowest hell.
[bbe] For your mercy to me is great; you have taken my soul up from the deep places of the underworld.
86:14 [hb5]  神阿、驕傲的人起來攻擊我、又有一黨強橫的人尋索我的命.他們沒有將你放在眼中。
[kjv] O God, the proud are risen against me, and the assemblies of violent men have sought after my soul; and have not set thee before them.
[bbe] O God, men of pride have come up against me, and the army of violent men would take my life; they have not put you before them.
86:15 [hb5] 主阿、你是有憐憫有恩典的 神、不輕易發怒、並有豐盛的慈愛和誠實。
[kjv] But thou, O Lord, art a God full of compassion, and gracious, long suffering, and plenteous in mercy and truth.
[bbe] But you, O Lord, are a God full of pity and forgiveness, slow to get angry, great in mercy and wisdom.
86:16 [hb5] 求你向我轉臉、憐恤我、將你的力量賜給僕人、救你婢女的兒子。
[kjv] O turn unto me, and have mercy upon me; give thy strength unto thy servant, and save the son of thine handmaid.
[bbe] O be turned to me and have mercy on me: give your strength to your servant, and your salvation to the son of her who is your servant.
86:17 [hb5] 求你向我顯出恩待我的憑據、叫恨我的人看見、便羞愧、因為你耶和華幫助我、安慰我。
[kjv] Shew me a token for good; that they which hate me may see it, and be ashamed: because thou, LORD, hast holpen me, and comforted me.
[bbe] Give me a sign for good; so that my haters may see it and be shamed; because you, Lord, have been my help and comfort.


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