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移民

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紐西蘭也像很多國家是由許多不同民族人種飄流遷移過來的,像台灣最早是山地同胞原住民,然後是福建廣東人來墾荒,接著有日本人啦有國民黨大陸各省的人啦。紐西蘭最早先就是毛利人囉,然後英國人、北歐人、德國人;後來有其他人,包括中國人跑來紐西蘭南島的東南部採金礦,和舊金山、巴西滿像的喔;後來二次世界大戰後,紐西蘭極缺乏人力,鼓勵歐洲人移民到紐西蘭來住,我覺得高中大學有些有英國腔的「老」老師和教授是那個時候搬到紐西蘭的;再後來紐西蘭是需要「無工作經驗」的人力,鼓勵紐西蘭附近的南太平洋島嶼的人過來住,像是斐濟啦薩摩亞人。

到最後才是包括我的這一群來自亞洲的移民,香港台灣馬來西亞新加坡大陸的,說是需要高科技的人才,很多人也是看上紐西蘭清淨的居住環境決定移民,可是卻發現這裡沒有什麼工作機會,大好的工作經驗與背景都只能大材小用,或是閒適在家坐坐移民監,拿到護照後再出去找賺錢的機會,有的就是靠政府的失業救濟金,可是紐西蘭政府越來越窮,紐西蘭人口少,市場就小,工作機會也就少,如果又碰上有點種族歧視的公司,找合適又喜歡的工作有點困難。我想,在加拿大、美國之前都有這種情形發生,但畢竟美加都是大國,華人也越來越多,有些地區簡直到了白人被華人歧視的地步了!不知道紐西蘭什麼時候才會變成那樣子喔?

在紐西蘭的街上最常看到的就是白人、毛利人、南太平洋人、亞洲人,我看到太多亞洲人還會覺得很不習慣喔!並不是看不起我們自己亞洲人啦,而是剛去紐西蘭的時候,亞洲人還不是很多嘛!在倫敦什麼人種,全世界各地的人都有,看到最多的就是白人、黑人、印度人、亞洲黃種人,我看份文件說過,倫敦有70%不是本地人,就算他講了一口標準的英國腔(但英國腔也有幾百種),你也不知道那個人到底是在倫敦出生的還是移民過來的。而且倫敦的觀光客也很多,我碰到的情形是,基本上大家都會尊重你的國籍,這樣感覺很好。像有些ABC美國出生的華人到日本會說自己是美國人,可是日本人就會以懷疑的眼光看你,想說你明明就是黃種人的外表,為什麼是美國人,美國人應該是白人要不就是黑人啊!我覺得一個人的確是要認自己的根,可是他說他是某國人並不代表他不認定他是華人呀!

來到英國後,又在班上認識18個不同國家的同學,真正有了「地球村」的感覺。(不是那個教美語的地球村喔!不過我想去應徵看看啦)這是在紐西蘭感受不到的。出了倫敦,看到白人的頻率就高了很多,但我還是比較喜歡倫敦啦!我想,也許美國加州紐約也是這種感覺吧?


●郵票簡介原文
18 March 1998

New Zealand was the last major land area outside the polar regions to be occupied by humans.This occupation began a thousand years ago and involved, perhaps, a few thousand migrants who braved the south-west Pacific Ocean to get to New Zealand from Central Polynesia.

European settlement began seriously in New Zealand around 1815, and by 1881, the non-Maori population had had reached half a million. By the middle of that same decade, people born in New Zealand were a majority of the non-Maori population.

By the time the Immigration Act 1987 was passed, less than half of New Zealand’s new permanent migrants were from Europe or North America. The new Act favoured those with skills New Zealand needed and, as a result, there was a rapid increase in the numbers of migrants coming from Hong Kong, Taiwan and Malaysia.

In the 1990s, a point system opened up immigration even further and by 1995 Taiwan had replace Britain as the largest country of origin.

‧40c - The Maori:
The first intentional immigrants travelled to New Zealand from Hawaiki, around 1,000 years ago. By the eighteenth century, Maori lived throughout New Zealand in communities ranging from a single family to many hundreds of people.

‧80c - British / European Settlers 1840-1914:
Between 1840 and 1850, some 15,000 immigrants were brought to New Zealand from Britain to found and develop various settlements. By 1880, some 100,000 immigrants called New Zealand home, including significant numbers of Scandinavians and Germans.

‧$1.00 - Fortune Seekers 1800-1920:
The discovery of gold in Otago prompted a massive influx of more than 200,000 immigrants during the 1860s, including Chinese gold prospectors who were imported to work in the fields. Immigrant’s from the Dalmatian coast of Croatia came to work the kauri gumfields of Northland and the Coromandel Peninsula.

‧$1.20 - Post War British / European Migrants 1945-1970:
A severe shortage of labour following World War II prompted New Zealand governments to assist immigrants to come to New Zealand from Britain and Europe. Significant numbers of displaced persons and refugees also settled in New Zealand before, during and after World War II.

‧$1.50 - Pacific Islanders from 1960:
The need for workers to perform ‘unskilled’ work after World War II saw the number of Pacific Island immigrants rise to 47,000 in 1971. By 1996, there were 202,000 people of Pacific Island origin living in New Zealand.

‧$1.80 - Asian Arrivals 1980s & 90s:
Since 1987, New Zealand has become home to highly skilled, affluent migrants from North, South and South-East Asia. By 1996, 82,000 people of Chinese origin, 44,000 Indians, 13,000 Koreans and 7,000 Japanese identified themselves as New Zealanders. Together, these groups formed a part of the population that, in just five years, had increased to the point where it was nearly as numerous as the Pacific Island part of the population.


‧郵票簡介與圖片來源:http://www.nzstamps.co.nz/nzstamps/index.html

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