By Patrick Pester published
Greenland sharks typically live in the deep ocean.
格陵蘭鯊通常生活於深海中。
A rare Greenland shark that washed up on a U.K. beach could be at least 100 years old, but experts aren't sure why it became stranded.
一隻被沖上英國海灘的罕見格陵蘭鯊，可能至少有1百歲。不過，專家們不確定，它為何會擱淺。
The dead shark was first spotted on the sand in Newlyn Harbour, Cornwall, on the southwest coast of England, on March 13. But before experts could examine it, the tide came in and took the carcass back out to sea, according to Cornwall Wildlife Trust Twitter posts.
這隻死鯊，2022年3月13日，於英國西南海岸康沃爾郡紐林港的沙灘上首度被發現。不過，根據康沃爾野生動物信託基金會於推特的宣佈，在專家們能檢查它之前，潮水來了且將此屍體帶回大海。
The shark was then rediscovered floating off the coast of Cornwall on March 15 by a recreational boating company called Mermaid Pleasure Trips and was brought back to shore. Greenland sharks are rarely sighted in the U.K., and this is the country's second recorded Greenland shark stranding.
之後，於3月15日，被一家名為Mermaid Pleasure Trips的休閒划船育樂公司，在康沃爾海岸再度發現這隻鯊，並將其帶回岸邊。格陵蘭鯊在英國很少被看見，這是該國格陵蘭鯊擱淺的第二次記錄。
"Even though it's a sad event when these beautiful, spectacular animals do strand on our beaches, it's such a valuable opportunity for us to study them," Abby Crosby, a marine conservation officer who manages the marine strandings network at the Cornwall Wildlife Trust, told Live Science.
在康沃爾野生動物信託基金會，管理海洋擱淺網路站的海洋保護要員，Abby Crosby告訴Live Science：「即使，當這些美麗、引人注目的動物，在我們的海灘上擱淺時，這是一件令人扼腕的事。不過，這是我們研究它們的寶貴機會。」
Greenland sharks (Somniosus microcephalus) live in the Arctic and North Atlantic oceans up to 8,684 feet (2,647 meters) below the surface, according to the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN). A 2016 study published in the journal Science estimated that these sharks could live at least 272 years, but scientists still have much to learn about the elusive species.
根據國際自然保護聯盟(IUCN)的說法，格陵蘭鯊(Somniosus microcephalus) 生存於北極及北大西洋的海平面下，達8684英尺(2647米)處。在2016年，發表於《科學》期刊的一項研究估計，這些鯊魚至少能活272年。不過，有關這種難以捉摸的物種，科學家們仍然有很多需瞭解。
The shark that washed up in Cornwall was a juvenile female that measured 13 feet (4 m) long and weighed 628 pounds (285 kilograms). Although researchers have yet to determine the shark's age, Greenland sharks typically become sexually mature when they're around 150 years old, according to the 2016 study.
該於康沃爾被沖上岸的鯊魚，是一隻年輕雌鯊，長13英尺(4米)、重628磅(285公斤)。雖然，研究人員們尚未確定，此鯊的年齡。不過，根據2016年的研究，格陵蘭鯊通常它們大約150歲時，性成熟。
The animals continue to grow as they age, and adults can be up to 24 feet (7.3 m) long, according to the St. Lawrence Shark Observatory (ORS).
根據聖勞倫斯鯊魚觀測站(ORS)的說法，隨著年齡增長，這些動物繼續成長。成年鯊長度可達24英尺(7.3米)。
James Barnett, a veterinary pathologist from the Cornwall Marine Pathology Team, carried out a postmortem of the shark on March 16 for the Cetacean Strandings Investigation Programme (CSIP), a national program that partners with Cornwall Wildlife Trust's Marine Strandings Network.
康沃爾海洋病理學小組的獸醫病理學家，James Barnett於3月16日，為鯨目擱淺調查研究計劃(CSIP)，對此鯊魚進行了屍體解剖。
"It looked like it probably live-stranded," Barnett told Live Science. In other words, the shark was still alive when it washed up, and it died on the beach. "It obviously hadn't eaten for some time," Barnett said. "The stomach was totally empty."
Barnett告訴Live Science：「這看似活著擱淺的。」換句話說，此鯊魚被沖上來時還活著，而後死於海灘上。Barnett宣稱：「其胃空無一物，顯然有一段時間，沒有進食。」
Barnett noted that the shark showed possible signs of septicemia, an infection in the blood, but it's not yet clear why the shark wasn't eating and ended up in shallow waters off Cornwall.
Barnett特別指出，於血液中，此鯊魚顯示了，可能感染敗血症的跡象。不過，目前尚不清楚，為何此鯊魚沒有進食，而死在康沃爾外的淺水區。
There are a variety of reasons, including disease, that can explain why marine animals become stranded and die on beaches, but the movement of ocean currents and other marine conditions also play a part in bringing living and dead animals to shore.
有包括疾病的多種原因，能解釋為何海洋動物發生擱淺，而死在海灘上。不過，在將活的及死去的動物帶到岸邊方面，洋流的移動及其他海洋狀況，也扮演一種作用。
"The majority of our strandings are common dolphins and porpoises, and they would have all died within a kilometer [0.6 mile] of our coastline, if that," Crosby said. Because Greenland sharks usually swim far from the coast, the likelihood of one being swept in by the right current and weather conditions is really rare, she added.
Crosby宣稱：「我們發現的擱淺，大多數是常見的海豚及鼠海豚。如果那樣，它們都會死在離我們海岸線一公里[0.6英里]的範圍內。」她附言，由於格陵蘭鯊，通常在遠離海岸的地方游泳。因此，被合適的水流及天氣狀況捲入的可能性，非常罕見。
Barnett said this is the first time a Greenland shark has been given a necropsy in the U.K., to his knowledge. "They are a species that we just don't encounter," he said.
Barnett表示，據他所知，這是首度在英國進行格陵蘭鯊的屍體解剖。他宣稱：「它們是，我們正好沒有遇到的物種。」
Samples taken from the shark will help inform Greenland shark research, such as studies investigating their life history and diet, Rob Deaville, project manager for CSIP at the Zoological Society of London, said in a statement.
在一份聲明中，英國倫敦動物學會的CSIP計劃經理，Rob Deaville表示，從該鯊魚採集的樣本能有助於，為格陵蘭鯊的研究提供資訊。諸如，調查研究其生活史及飲食。
網址：https://www.livescience.com/rare-greenland-shark-uk-stranding
翻譯：許東榮
文章定位：
